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(Datenerfassung)","/plugin/edc","50.plugin/50.edc",[1053,1058,1063,1068],{"title":1054,"path":1055,"stem":1056,"tags":6,"slug":1057,"sourcePath":1055},"Einführung in EDC","/plugin/edc/overview","50.plugin/50.edc/00.overview","/plugin/edc/overview/",{"title":1059,"path":1060,"stem":1061,"tags":6,"slug":1062,"sourcePath":1060},"Dateneingabe, Audit Trail","/plugin/edc/data-entry","50.plugin/50.edc/10.data-entry","/plugin/edc/data-entry/",{"title":1064,"path":1065,"stem":1066,"tags":6,"slug":1067,"sourcePath":1065},"Builder","/plugin/edc/builder","50.plugin/50.edc/20.builder","/plugin/edc/builder/",{"title":1069,"path":1070,"stem":1071,"tags":6,"slug":1072,"sourcePath":1070},"Benutzer und Studienzentren einrichten","/plugin/edc/account","50.plugin/50.edc/30.account","/plugin/edc/account/",{"title":1074,"tags":6,"slug":6,"path":1075,"stem":1076,"children":1077,"page":66,"sourcePath":1075},"Befehlszeilentools","/cli","90.cli",[1078],{"title":1079,"path":1080,"stem":1081,"tags":6,"slug":1082,"sourcePath":1080},"Server über Befehle verwalten","/cli/commands","90.cli/10.commands","/cli/commands/",{"title":1084,"tags":6,"slug":6,"path":1085,"stem":1086,"children":1087,"page":66,"sourcePath":1085},"Sicherheitsupdates","/security-updates","95.security-updates",[1088,1093,1098,1103],{"title":1089,"path":1090,"stem":1091,"tags":6,"slug":1092,"sourcePath":1090},"Sicherheitsprüfungen und Update-Verfahren kennenlernen","/security-updates/overview","95.security-updates/00.overview","/security-updates/overview/",{"title":1094,"path":1095,"stem":1096,"tags":6,"slug":1097,"sourcePath":1095},"Protokoll der Sicherheitsprüfungen","/security-updates/review-log","95.security-updates/10.review-log","/security-updates/review-log/",{"title":1099,"path":1100,"stem":1101,"tags":6,"slug":1102,"sourcePath":1100},"Prüfstatus wichtiger Schwachstellen","/security-updates/vulnerability-status","95.security-updates/20.vulnerability-status","/security-updates/vulnerability-status/",{"title":1104,"path":1105,"stem":1106,"tags":6,"slug":1107,"sourcePath":1105},"Sicherheitsupdates des Servers prüfen","/security-updates/server-checklist","95.security-updates/30.server-checklist","/security-updates/server-checklist/",{"title":1109,"tags":6,"slug":6,"path":1110,"stem":1111,"children":1112,"page":66,"sourcePath":1110},"FAQ","/faq","99.FAQ",[1113,1119,1125,1131,1137,1143,1149],{"title":1114,"path":1115,"stem":1116,"tags":6,"slug":1117,"sourcePath":1118},"SetFN vs. Cloud-Dienste im Vergleich","/FAQ/comparison-cloud","99.FAQ/10.comparison-cloud","/FAQ/comparison-cloud/","/faq/comparison-cloud",{"title":1120,"path":1121,"stem":1122,"tags":6,"slug":1123,"sourcePath":1124},"SetFN vs. NAS im Vergleich","/FAQ/comparison-nas","99.FAQ/20.comparison-nas","/FAQ/comparison-nas/","/faq/comparison-nas",{"title":1126,"path":1127,"stem":1128,"tags":6,"slug":1129,"sourcePath":1130},"Sicherheitsrichtlinie","/FAQ/security-policy","99.FAQ/30.security-policy","/FAQ/security-policy/","/faq/security-policy",{"title":1132,"path":1133,"stem":1134,"tags":6,"slug":1135,"sourcePath":1136},"Warum SetFN so schnell ist","/FAQ/why-fast","99.FAQ/40.why-fast","/FAQ/why-fast/","/faq/why-fast",{"title":1138,"path":1139,"stem":1140,"tags":6,"slug":1141,"sourcePath":1142},"Lizenz-FAQ","/FAQ/license-faq","99.FAQ/50.license-faq","/FAQ/license-faq/","/faq/license-faq",{"title":1144,"path":1145,"stem":1146,"tags":6,"slug":1147,"sourcePath":1148},"FAQ zu KI-Funktionen","/FAQ/ai-faq","99.FAQ/60.ai-faq","/FAQ/ai-faq/","/faq/ai-faq",{"title":1150,"path":1151,"stem":1152,"tags":6,"slug":1153,"sourcePath":1154},"Leitfaden zur Fehlerbehebung","/FAQ/troubleshooting","99.FAQ/70.troubleshooting","/FAQ/troubleshooting/","/faq/troubleshooting",{"id":1156,"title":61,"body":1157,"cover":6,"description":1879,"extension":1880,"image":6,"meta":1881,"navigation":1650,"path":62,"reviewSummary":6,"reviewedAt":6,"seo":1882,"slug":65,"stem":63,"tags":1894,"thumbnail":6,"thumbnailPosition":6,"thumbnailScale":6,"__hash__":1895},"docs_de/00.getting-started/40.access-domain.md",{"type":1158,"value":1159,"toc":1859},"minimal",[1160,1164,1168,1171,1182,1185,1190,1199,1202,1218,1222,1333,1343,1347,1352,1355,1365,1371,1375,1386,1392,1395,1399,1405,1408,1430,1436,1440,1467,1470,1514,1520,1524,1527,1567,1571,1574,1578,1581,1608,1617,1621,1624,1699,1707,1710,1719,1722,1742,1751,1754,1758,1764,1775,1779,1782,1805,1808,1812,1835,1839,1855],[1161,1162,61],"h1",{"id":1163},"methode-für-den-externen-zugriff-auswählen",[1165,1166,1167],"p",{},"SetFN SpaceBuilder kann direkt nach der Installation im selben Netzwerk sofort verwendet werden. Um auch von außerhalb des Büros oder über ein Mobilfunknetz zuzugreifen, müssen Sie einen sicheren Verbindungsweg zwischen dem Server und dem externen Internet einrichten.",[1165,1169,1170],{},"Auf den ersten Blick wirkt das kompliziert, aber das Ziel ist einfach.",[1172,1173,1179],"pre",{"className":1174,"code":1176,"language":1177,"meta":1178},[1175],"language-text","https://space.example.com\n        ↓\nVerbindungsmethode für den externen Zugriff\n        ↓\nhttp://localhost:8510\n","text","",[1180,1181,1176],"code",{"__ignoreMap":1178},[1165,1183,1184],{},"Mit Cloudflare Tunnel lässt sich diese Verbindung vergleichsweise einfach einrichten. Sie müssen den Port des Servers nicht direkt im Internet freigeben, und auch das HTTPS-Zertifikat und die Domainanbindung übernimmt Cloudflare.",[1186,1187,1189],"h2",{"id":1188},"prüfen-sie-zuerst-ob-sie-externen-zugriff-benötigen","Prüfen Sie zuerst, ob Sie externen Zugriff benötigen",[1165,1191,1192,1193,1198],{},"Wenn Sie SetFN nur innerhalb desselben Büros oder WLANs verwenden, ist keine Einrichtung des externen Zugriffs erforderlich. Greifen Sie über die interne IP-Adresse zu, wie unter ",[1194,1195,1197],"a",{"href":1196},"./access-url","Zugriffsadresse des Space ermitteln"," beschrieben.",[1165,1200,1201],{},"In den folgenden Fällen ist eine Einrichtung des externen Zugriffs erforderlich.",[1203,1204,1205,1209,1212,1215],"ul",{},[1206,1207,1208],"li",{},"Zugriff auf den Space von zu Hause oder von unterwegs",[1206,1210,1211],{},"Zugriff über mobile Daten",[1206,1213,1214],{},"Weitergabe von Freigabelinks an externe Partner oder Kunden",[1206,1216,1217],{},"Nutzung eines Space an mehreren Standorten oder in mehreren Netzwerken",[1186,1219,1221],{"id":1220},"welche-methode-sollten-sie-wählen","Welche Methode sollten Sie wählen?",[1223,1224,1225,1244],"table",{},[1226,1227,1228],"thead",{},[1229,1230,1231,1235,1238,1241],"tr",{},[1232,1233,1234],"th",{},"Methode",[1232,1236,1237],{},"Empfohlen für",[1232,1239,1240],{},"Vorteile",[1232,1242,1243],{},"Selbst zu verwalten",[1245,1246,1247,1269,1285,1301,1317],"tbody",{},[1229,1248,1249,1256,1259,1262],{},[1250,1251,1252],"td",{},[1253,1254,1255],"strong",{},"Cloudflare Tunnel (empfohlen)",[1250,1257,1258],{},"Benutzer, die den externen Zugriff zum ersten Mal einrichten; Umgebungen ohne feste öffentliche IP",[1250,1260,1261],{},"Keine Portfreigabe am Router nötig, IP des Ursprungsservers bleibt verborgen, einfache HTTPS- und Domainanbindung",[1250,1263,1264,1265,1268],{},"Cloudflare-Konto, Domain, ",[1180,1266,1267],{},"cloudflared","-Dienst",[1229,1270,1271,1276,1279,1282],{},[1250,1272,1273],{},[1253,1274,1275],{},"Caddy-Reverse-Proxy",[1250,1277,1278],{},"Benutzer, die einen eigenen Server betreiben und die Konfiguration einfach halten möchten",[1250,1280,1281],{},"Einfache Konfiguration, automatische Ausstellung und Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten",[1250,1283,1284],{},"DNS, öffentliche IP, Firewall, Portweiterleitung, Caddy",[1229,1286,1287,1292,1295,1298],{},[1250,1288,1289],{},[1253,1290,1291],{},"NGINX-Reverse-Proxy",[1250,1293,1294],{},"Organisationen mit bestehender NGINX-Infrastruktur oder Bedarf an feingranularer Steuerung",[1250,1296,1297],{},"Hohe Flexibilität bei der Konfiguration, einfache Integration in bestehende Webinfrastruktur",[1250,1299,1300],{},"DNS, Zertifikate, Firewall, Portweiterleitung, NGINX",[1229,1302,1303,1308,1311,1314],{},[1250,1304,1305],{},[1253,1306,1307],{},"Portweiterleitung am Router",[1250,1309,1310],{},"Testumgebungen oder Benutzer, die ihr Netzwerk selbst verwalten können",[1250,1312,1313],{},"Direkte Verbindung ohne separaten Tunneldienst",[1250,1315,1316],{},"Öffentliche IP, Router, Firewall, HTTPS, Sicherheitsupdates",[1229,1318,1319,1324,1327,1330],{},[1250,1320,1321],{},[1253,1322,1323],{},"VPN/privates Netzwerk",[1250,1325,1326],{},"Organisationen, die den Zugriff nicht öffentlich, sondern nur ihren Mitgliedern erlauben möchten",[1250,1328,1329],{},"Der Dienst wird nicht im öffentlichen Internet freigegeben",[1250,1331,1332],{},"Konfiguration von VPN-Server und Endgeräten der Benutzer",[1334,1335,1336],"note",{},[1165,1337,1338,1339,1342],{},"Wenn keine besonderen Infrastrukturanforderungen bestehen, ",[1253,1340,1341],{},"empfehlen wir, zuerst Cloudflare Tunnel in Betracht zu ziehen."," Ein selbst betriebener Reverse-Proxy bietet mehr Freiheit, aber der Betreiber trägt dann die Verantwortung für Netzwerk, Zertifikate und Sicherheitsupdates.",[1186,1344,1346],{"id":1345},"tunneling-und-reverse-proxying-einfach-erklärt","Tunneling und Reverse-Proxying einfach erklärt",[1348,1349,1351],"h3",{"id":1350},"tunneling","Tunneling",[1165,1353,1354],{},"Ein im Server laufender Connector baut zuerst eine sichere Verbindung zu einem externen Dienst auf. Externe Anfragen erreichen den Server, indem sie diese Verbindung in umgekehrter Richtung durchlaufen.",[1165,1356,1357,1358,1360,1361,1364],{},"Bei Cloudflare Tunnel stellt ",[1180,1359,1267],{}," eine ",[1253,1362,1363],{},"ausgehende Verbindung"," vom Server zu Cloudflare her. In einer typischen Umgebung müssen Sie daher die Ports 80, 443 und 8510 am Router nicht nach außen öffnen.",[1172,1366,1369],{"className":1367,"code":1368,"language":1177,"meta":1178},[1175],"Benutzer → Cloudflare → bereits verbundener Tunnel → SetFN :8510\n",[1180,1370,1368],{"__ignoreMap":1178},[1348,1372,1374],{"id":1373},"reverse-proxying","Reverse-Proxying",[1165,1376,1377,1378,1381,1382,1385],{},"Caddy oder NGINX nimmt externe Anfragen zuerst entgegen und leitet sie an den internen SetFN-Dienst weiter. Benutzer greifen über ",[1180,1379,1380],{},"https://space.example.com"," zu, ohne den Port ",[1180,1383,1384],{},"8510"," kennen zu müssen.",[1172,1387,1390],{"className":1388,"code":1389,"language":1177,"meta":1178},[1175],"Benutzer → Caddy oder NGINX :443 → SetFN :8510\n",[1180,1391,1389],{"__ignoreMap":1178},[1165,1393,1394],{},"Ein Reverse-Proxy hat den Vorteil, dass Funktionen wie HTTPS-Terminierung, Domain-Routing, Zugriffsprotokolle und Anfragelimits an einer Stelle verwaltet werden können.",[1186,1396,1398],{"id":1397},"empfohlene-methode-cloudflare-tunnel","Empfohlene Methode: Cloudflare Tunnel",[1165,1400,1401,1402,1404],{},"Cloudflare Tunnel verbindet einen internen Dienst mit einer öffentlichen Domain, ohne dass der Ursprungsserver eine öffentlich routbare IP-Adresse benötigt. Da ",[1180,1403,1267],{}," die Verbindung zum Cloudflare-Netzwerk aufbaut, werden auch mögliche Umgehungswege für den direkten Zugriff auf den Ursprungsserver reduziert.",[1165,1406,1407],{},"Bei der Ersteinrichtung können Sie Folgendes erwarten.",[1203,1409,1410,1413,1416,1421,1424,1427],{},[1206,1411,1412],{},"Keine Portweiterleitung in der Verwaltungsoberfläche des Routers erforderlich",[1206,1414,1415],{},"Vergleichsweise geringe Abhängigkeit von dynamischen öffentlichen IPs oder den Gegebenheiten des Internetanbieters",[1206,1417,1418,1419],{},"Verwendung einer Adresse der Form ",[1180,1420,1380],{},[1206,1422,1423],{},"Geringerer Aufwand für die Ausstellung und Erneuerung externer Zertifikate",[1206,1425,1426],{},"Bei Bedarf Beschränkung auf zugelassene Benutzer oder E-Mail-Domains mit Cloudflare Access",[1206,1428,1429],{},"Ein Connector kann mehrere interne Webdienste über verschiedene Subdomains anbinden",[1431,1432,1433],"warning",{},[1165,1434,1435],{},"Sobald Sie dem Tunnel nur einen Public Hostname hinzufügen, ist diese Adresse aus dem Internet erreichbar. Wenn nur Mitglieder der Organisation zugreifen sollen, richten Sie zusätzlich eine Cloudflare-Access-Anwendung mit einer Zulassungsrichtlinie ein.",[1186,1437,1439],{"id":1438},"ablauf-der-cloudflare-tunnel-einrichtung","Ablauf der Cloudflare-Tunnel-Einrichtung",[1441,1442,1443,1446,1449,1455,1458,1461,1464],"ol",{},[1206,1444,1445],{},"Verbinden Sie die gewünschte Domain mit Cloudflare.",[1206,1447,1448],{},"Erstellen Sie im Cloudflare-Dashboard einen Tunnel.",[1206,1450,1451,1452,1454],{},"Installieren Sie ",[1180,1453,1267],{}," auf dem SpaceBuilder-Server.",[1206,1456,1457],{},"Starten Sie den Connector mit dem im Dashboard angezeigten Befehl.",[1206,1459,1460],{},"Verknüpfen Sie in der Published application die Domain mit der SetFN-Adresse.",[1206,1462,1463],{},"Fügen Sie bei Bedarf eine Cloudflare-Access-Richtlinie hinzu.",[1206,1465,1466],{},"Prüfen Sie den Zugriff aus einem externen Netzwerk.",[1165,1468,1469],{},"Verwenden Sie für die Service URL der Published application die folgenden Werte.",[1223,1471,1472,1482],{},[1226,1473,1474],{},[1229,1475,1476,1479],{},[1232,1477,1478],{},"Feld",[1232,1480,1481],{},"Beispiel",[1245,1483,1484,1494,1504],{},[1229,1485,1486,1489],{},[1250,1487,1488],{},"Public hostname",[1250,1490,1491],{},[1180,1492,1493],{},"space.example.com",[1229,1495,1496,1499],{},[1250,1497,1498],{},"Service type",[1250,1500,1501],{},[1180,1502,1503],{},"HTTP",[1229,1505,1506,1509],{},[1250,1507,1508],{},"Service URL",[1250,1510,1511],{},[1180,1512,1513],{},"http://localhost:8510",[1165,1515,1516,1517,1519],{},"Wenn Sie den SetFN-Port geändert haben, geben Sie statt ",[1180,1518,1384],{}," den tatsächlichen Dienstport ein.",[1186,1521,1523],{"id":1522},"offizielle-cloudflare-anleitungen","Offizielle Cloudflare-Anleitungen",[1165,1525,1526],{},"Die Cloudflare-Oberfläche und die Installationsbefehle können sich ändern. Ziehen Sie bei der Einrichtung daher auch die folgende offizielle Dokumentation hinzu.",[1203,1528,1529,1537,1544,1553,1560],{},[1206,1530,1531],{},[1194,1532,1536],{"href":1533,"rel":1534},"https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/",[1535],"nofollow","Überblick über Cloudflare Tunnel",[1206,1538,1539],{},[1194,1540,1543],{"href":1541,"rel":1542},"https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/get-started/create-remote-tunnel/",[1535],"Tunnel im Dashboard erstellen",[1206,1545,1546],{},[1194,1547,1550,1552],{"href":1548,"rel":1549},"https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/downloads/",[1535],[1180,1551,1267],{}," je nach Betriebssystem installieren",[1206,1554,1555],{},[1194,1556,1559],{"href":1557,"rel":1558},"https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/routing-to-tunnel/",[1535],"Lokalen Dienst mit einer öffentlichen Domain verbinden",[1206,1561,1562],{},[1194,1563,1566],{"href":1564,"rel":1565},"https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/access-controls/applications/http-apps/self-hosted-public-app/",[1535],"Benutzerauthentifizierung mit Cloudflare Access hinzufügen",[1186,1568,1570],{"id":1569},"eigenen-reverse-proxy-betreiben","Eigenen Reverse-Proxy betreiben",[1165,1572,1573],{},"Wenn Sie bereits eine öffentliche IP und eine Serverinfrastruktur betreiben, können Sie die Verbindung direkt mit Caddy oder NGINX herstellen.",[1348,1575,1577],{"id":1576},"caddy","Caddy",[1165,1579,1580],{},"Caddy kann die Ausstellung und Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten automatisch übernehmen, sobald der DNS-Eintrag der Domain auf den Server zeigt und die Ports 80 und 443 den Server erreichen. Das macht es für kleine, selbst betriebene Umgebungen geeignet.",[1172,1582,1586],{"className":1583,"code":1584,"language":1585,"meta":1178,"style":1178},"language-caddyfile shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark monokai","space.example.com {\n    reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:8510\n}\n","caddyfile",[1180,1587,1588,1596,1602],{"__ignoreMap":1178},[1589,1590,1593],"span",{"class":1591,"line":1592},"line",1,[1589,1594,1595],{},"space.example.com {\n",[1589,1597,1599],{"class":1591,"line":1598},2,[1589,1600,1601],{},"    reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:8510\n",[1589,1603,1605],{"class":1591,"line":1604},3,[1589,1606,1607],{},"}\n",[1165,1609,1610,1611,1616],{},"Details zur Konfiguration finden Sie im ",[1194,1612,1615],{"href":1613,"rel":1614},"https://caddyserver.com/docs/quick-starts/reverse-proxy",[1535],"Caddy-Schnellstart für Reverse-Proxys",".",[1348,1618,1620],{"id":1619},"nginx","NGINX",[1165,1622,1623],{},"Wenn Sie bereits NGINX verwenden, können Sie HTTPS-Anfragen an den lokalen Port von SetFN weiterleiten.",[1172,1625,1628],{"className":1626,"code":1627,"language":1619,"meta":1178,"style":1178},"language-nginx shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark monokai","server {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name space.example.com;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;\n        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8510;\n    }\n}\n",[1180,1629,1630,1635,1640,1645,1652,1658,1664,1670,1676,1682,1688,1694],{"__ignoreMap":1178},[1589,1631,1632],{"class":1591,"line":1592},[1589,1633,1634],{},"server {\n",[1589,1636,1637],{"class":1591,"line":1598},[1589,1638,1639],{},"    listen 443 ssl;\n",[1589,1641,1642],{"class":1591,"line":1604},[1589,1643,1644],{},"    server_name space.example.com;\n",[1589,1646,1648],{"class":1591,"line":1647},4,[1589,1649,1651],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1650},true,"\n",[1589,1653,1655],{"class":1591,"line":1654},5,[1589,1656,1657],{},"    location / {\n",[1589,1659,1661],{"class":1591,"line":1660},6,[1589,1662,1663],{},"        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n",[1589,1665,1667],{"class":1591,"line":1666},7,[1589,1668,1669],{},"        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n",[1589,1671,1673],{"class":1591,"line":1672},8,[1589,1674,1675],{},"        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n",[1589,1677,1679],{"class":1591,"line":1678},9,[1589,1680,1681],{},"        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;\n",[1589,1683,1685],{"class":1591,"line":1684},10,[1589,1686,1687],{},"        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8510;\n",[1589,1689,1691],{"class":1591,"line":1690},11,[1589,1692,1693],{},"    }\n",[1589,1695,1697],{"class":1591,"line":1696},12,[1589,1698,1607],{},[1165,1700,1701,1702,1616],{},"Das obige Beispiel zeigt nur die Grundstruktur des Proxys. Im Produktivbetrieb sollten Sie zusätzlich Zertifikate, WebSocket, Upload-Größe, Zeitlimits und Zugriffsprotokollierung berücksichtigen. Weitere Informationen finden Sie im ",[1194,1703,1706],{"href":1704,"rel":1705},"https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/web-server/reverse-proxy",[1535],"offiziellen NGINX-Leitfaden für Reverse-Proxys",[1186,1708,1307],{"id":1709},"portweiterleitung-am-router",[1165,1711,1712,1713,1715,1716,1718],{},"Bei dieser Methode leitet der Router die externen Ports 80 und 443 an den Reverse-Proxy-Server weiter. Anstatt den Port ",[1180,1714,1384],{}," von SetFN direkt im Internet freizugeben, konfigurieren Sie Caddy oder NGINX so, dass HTTPS-Anfragen auf Port 443 entgegengenommen und intern an ",[1180,1717,1384],{}," weitergeleitet werden.",[1165,1720,1721],{},"Die folgenden Voraussetzungen müssen erfüllt sein.",[1203,1723,1724,1727,1730,1733,1736,1739],{},[1206,1725,1726],{},"Der Internetanschluss verfügt über eine von außen erreichbare öffentliche IP",[1206,1728,1729],{},"Sie haben Administratorrechte für den Router",[1206,1731,1732],{},"Feste IP oder DHCP-Reservierung, damit sich die interne IP des Servers nicht ändert",[1206,1734,1735],{},"Der DNS-Eintrag zeigt auf die öffentliche IP",[1206,1737,1738],{},"In der Server-Firewall sind nur die benötigten Ports freigegeben",[1206,1740,1741],{},"Ausstellung und automatische Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten sind eingerichtet",[1743,1744,1745],"danger",{},[1165,1746,1747,1748,1750],{},"Geben Sie weder den gesamten Server über die DMZ-Funktion des Routers frei noch den Port ",[1180,1749,1384],{}," von SetFN direkt im Internet. Die Verwaltungsoberfläche und der Dienst könnten sonst zum direkten Angriffsziel werden. Leiten Sie nur die benötigten Ports 80 und 443 an den Reverse-Proxy weiter und halten Sie Betriebssystem und Proxy stets aktuell.",[1165,1752,1753],{},"Bei Anschlüssen, bei denen der Internetanbieter CGNAT einsetzt, kann die am Router angezeigte WAN-IP von der tatsächlichen öffentlichen IP abweichen, sodass die Portweiterleitung nicht funktioniert. Verwenden Sie in diesem Fall Cloudflare Tunnel oder eine VPN-Lösung.",[1186,1755,1757],{"id":1756},"domain-vorbereiten","Domain vorbereiten",[1165,1759,1760,1761,1763],{},"Wenn Sie eine Firmendomain haben, empfiehlt sich eine Subdomain wie ",[1180,1762,1493],{},". Haben Sie keine Domain, können Sie eine bei einem Domain-Registrar erwerben.",[1165,1765,1766,1767,1770,1771,1774],{},"Für Cloudflare Tunnel muss die Domain als aktive Zone mit Ihrem Cloudflare-Konto verbunden sein. Wenn Sie einen eigenen Reverse-Proxy verwenden, richten Sie den DNS-Eintrag vom Typ ",[1180,1768,1769],{},"A"," oder ",[1180,1772,1773],{},"AAAA"," auf die öffentliche IP des Servers.",[1186,1776,1778],{"id":1777},"zugriff-prüfen","Zugriff prüfen",[1165,1780,1781],{},"Prüfen Sie nach der Einrichtung in der folgenden Reihenfolge.",[1441,1783,1784,1790,1796,1799,1802],{},[1206,1785,1786,1787,1789],{},"Zugriff auf ",[1180,1788,1513],{}," vom Server aus",[1206,1791,1786,1792,1795],{},[1180,1793,1794],{},"http://\u003CServer-IP>:8510"," aus demselben Netzwerk",[1206,1797,1798],{},"HTTPS-Zugriff über die Domain",[1206,1800,1801],{},"Zugriff über mobile Daten bei ausgeschaltetem WLAN",[1206,1803,1804],{},"Prüfung von Anmeldung, Datei-Upload sowie Echtzeitbenachrichtigungen oder Chat",[1165,1806,1807],{},"Schlägt bereits der interne Zugriff fehl, prüfen Sie zuerst den Status des SetFN-Dienstes. Funktioniert der interne Zugriff, aber nur der Zugriff über die Domain nicht, prüfen Sie in dieser Reihenfolge: Tunnel, DNS, Reverse-Proxy, Firewall.",[1186,1809,1811],{"id":1810},"checkliste-für-den-betrieb","Checkliste für den Betrieb",[1203,1813,1814,1817,1820,1823,1826,1829,1832],{},[1206,1815,1816],{},"Lange und eindeutige Passwörter für Administratoren und Benutzer verwenden",[1206,1818,1819],{},"Nicht benötigte Konten und Freigabelinks deaktivieren",[1206,1821,1822],{},"Tunnel-Connector oder Reverse-Proxy als Systemdienst registrieren",[1206,1824,1825],{},"Connector, Betriebssystem und Proxy regelmäßig aktualisieren",[1206,1827,1828],{},"Ablauf der HTTPS-Zertifikate und DNS-Status prüfen",[1206,1830,1831],{},"Protokolle für externe Zugriffe und Administratoraktivitäten prüfen",[1206,1833,1834],{},"Betriebsablauf vorbereiten, damit bei einer Störung über die interne Adresse zugegriffen werden kann",[1186,1836,1838],{"id":1837},"verwandte-dokumente","Verwandte Dokumente",[1203,1840,1841,1845,1850],{},[1206,1842,1843],{},[1194,1844,56],{"href":1196},[1206,1846,1847],{},[1194,1848,320],{"href":1849},"../admin/security/security-setting",[1206,1851,1852],{},[1194,1853,708],{"href":1854},"../workspace/cooperation/share-link-creation",[1856,1857,1858],"style",{},"html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html .sepia .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-sepia);background: var(--shiki-sepia-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-sepia-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-sepia-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-sepia-text-decoration);}html.sepia .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-sepia);background: var(--shiki-sepia-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-sepia-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-sepia-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-sepia-text-decoration);}",{"title":1178,"searchDepth":1598,"depth":1604,"links":1860},[1861,1862,1863,1867,1868,1869,1870,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878],{"id":1188,"depth":1598,"text":1189},{"id":1220,"depth":1598,"text":1221},{"id":1345,"depth":1598,"text":1346,"children":1864},[1865,1866],{"id":1350,"depth":1604,"text":1351},{"id":1373,"depth":1604,"text":1374},{"id":1397,"depth":1598,"text":1398},{"id":1438,"depth":1598,"text":1439},{"id":1522,"depth":1598,"text":1523},{"id":1569,"depth":1598,"text":1570,"children":1871},[1872,1873],{"id":1576,"depth":1604,"text":1577},{"id":1619,"depth":1604,"text":1620},{"id":1709,"depth":1598,"text":1307},{"id":1756,"depth":1598,"text":1757},{"id":1777,"depth":1598,"text":1778},{"id":1810,"depth":1598,"text":1811},{"id":1837,"depth":1598,"text":1838},"Erfahren Sie, wie Sie zwischen Cloudflare Tunnel, Reverse-Proxy und Portweiterleitung am Router die für Ihre Umgebung passende Methode für den externen Zugriff auf SetFN auswählen.","md",{},{"title":1883,"description":1884,"ogType":1885,"twitterCard":1886,"keywords":1887},"Methode für den externen Zugriff auswählen | SetFN Docs","Vergleich der Methoden Cloudflare Tunnel, Reverse-Proxy und Portweiterleitung, um eine Domain mit SetFN SpaceBuilder zu verbinden.","article","summary_large_image",[1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893],"Externer Zugriff auf SetFN","Cloudflare Tunnel","Reverse-Proxy","Portweiterleitung","Domainanbindung","HTTPS",[25],"9n9DMHr48TAOpWw1iDjIh2g6v-L_TNgvXIkzmiFDQoU",[1897,1898],{"title":56,"path":57,"stem":58,"slug":59,"children":-1},{"title":78,"path":79,"stem":80,"slug":81,"children":-1},{"title":61,"filename":1900,"content":1901},"access-domain","# Methode für den externen Zugriff auswählen\n\nSetFN SpaceBuilder kann direkt nach der Installation im selben Netzwerk sofort verwendet werden. Um auch von außerhalb des Büros oder über ein Mobilfunknetz zuzugreifen, müssen Sie einen sicheren Verbindungsweg zwischen dem Server und dem externen Internet einrichten.\n\nAuf den ersten Blick wirkt das kompliziert, aber das Ziel ist einfach.\n\n```text\nhttps://space.example.com\n        ↓\nVerbindungsmethode für den externen Zugriff\n        ↓\nhttp://localhost:8510\n```\n\nMit Cloudflare Tunnel lässt sich diese Verbindung vergleichsweise einfach einrichten. Sie müssen den Port des Servers nicht direkt im Internet freigeben, und auch das HTTPS-Zertifikat und die Domainanbindung übernimmt Cloudflare.\n\n## Prüfen Sie zuerst, ob Sie externen Zugriff benötigen\n\nWenn Sie SetFN nur innerhalb desselben Büros oder WLANs verwenden, ist keine Einrichtung des externen Zugriffs erforderlich. Greifen Sie über die interne IP-Adresse zu, wie unter [Zugriffsadresse des Space ermitteln](./35.access-url.md) beschrieben.\n\nIn den folgenden Fällen ist eine Einrichtung des externen Zugriffs erforderlich.\n\n- Zugriff auf den Space von zu Hause oder von unterwegs\n- Zugriff über mobile Daten\n- Weitergabe von Freigabelinks an externe Partner oder Kunden\n- Nutzung eines Space an mehreren Standorten oder in mehreren Netzwerken\n\n## Welche Methode sollten Sie wählen?\n\n| Methode | Empfohlen für | Vorteile | Selbst zu verwalten |\n| ---- | --------- | ---- | ---------------- |\n| **Cloudflare Tunnel (empfohlen)** | Benutzer, die den externen Zugriff zum ersten Mal einrichten; Umgebungen ohne feste öffentliche IP | Keine Portfreigabe am Router nötig, IP des Ursprungsservers bleibt verborgen, einfache HTTPS- und Domainanbindung | Cloudflare-Konto, Domain, `cloudflared`-Dienst |\n| **Caddy-Reverse-Proxy** | Benutzer, die einen eigenen Server betreiben und die Konfiguration einfach halten möchten | Einfache Konfiguration, automatische Ausstellung und Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten | DNS, öffentliche IP, Firewall, Portweiterleitung, Caddy |\n| **NGINX-Reverse-Proxy** | Organisationen mit bestehender NGINX-Infrastruktur oder Bedarf an feingranularer Steuerung | Hohe Flexibilität bei der Konfiguration, einfache Integration in bestehende Webinfrastruktur | DNS, Zertifikate, Firewall, Portweiterleitung, NGINX |\n| **Portweiterleitung am Router** | Testumgebungen oder Benutzer, die ihr Netzwerk selbst verwalten können | Direkte Verbindung ohne separaten Tunneldienst | Öffentliche IP, Router, Firewall, HTTPS, Sicherheitsupdates |\n| **VPN/privates Netzwerk** | Organisationen, die den Zugriff nicht öffentlich, sondern nur ihren Mitgliedern erlauben möchten | Der Dienst wird nicht im öffentlichen Internet freigegeben | Konfiguration von VPN-Server und Endgeräten der Benutzer |\n\n::note\nWenn keine besonderen Infrastrukturanforderungen bestehen, **empfehlen wir, zuerst Cloudflare Tunnel in Betracht zu ziehen.** Ein selbst betriebener Reverse-Proxy bietet mehr Freiheit, aber der Betreiber trägt dann die Verantwortung für Netzwerk, Zertifikate und Sicherheitsupdates.\n::\n\n## Tunneling und Reverse-Proxying einfach erklärt\n\n### Tunneling\n\nEin im Server laufender Connector baut zuerst eine sichere Verbindung zu einem externen Dienst auf. Externe Anfragen erreichen den Server, indem sie diese Verbindung in umgekehrter Richtung durchlaufen.\n\nBei Cloudflare Tunnel stellt `cloudflared` eine **ausgehende Verbindung** vom Server zu Cloudflare her. In einer typischen Umgebung müssen Sie daher die Ports 80, 443 und 8510 am Router nicht nach außen öffnen.\n\n```text\nBenutzer → Cloudflare → bereits verbundener Tunnel → SetFN :8510\n```\n\n### Reverse-Proxying\n\nCaddy oder NGINX nimmt externe Anfragen zuerst entgegen und leitet sie an den internen SetFN-Dienst weiter. Benutzer greifen über `https://space.example.com` zu, ohne den Port `8510` kennen zu müssen.\n\n```text\nBenutzer → Caddy oder NGINX :443 → SetFN :8510\n```\n\nEin Reverse-Proxy hat den Vorteil, dass Funktionen wie HTTPS-Terminierung, Domain-Routing, Zugriffsprotokolle und Anfragelimits an einer Stelle verwaltet werden können.\n\n## Empfohlene Methode: Cloudflare Tunnel\n\nCloudflare Tunnel verbindet einen internen Dienst mit einer öffentlichen Domain, ohne dass der Ursprungsserver eine öffentlich routbare IP-Adresse benötigt. Da `cloudflared` die Verbindung zum Cloudflare-Netzwerk aufbaut, werden auch mögliche Umgehungswege für den direkten Zugriff auf den Ursprungsserver reduziert.\n\nBei der Ersteinrichtung können Sie Folgendes erwarten.\n\n- Keine Portweiterleitung in der Verwaltungsoberfläche des Routers erforderlich\n- Vergleichsweise geringe Abhängigkeit von dynamischen öffentlichen IPs oder den Gegebenheiten des Internetanbieters\n- Verwendung einer Adresse der Form `https://space.example.com`\n- Geringerer Aufwand für die Ausstellung und Erneuerung externer Zertifikate\n- Bei Bedarf Beschränkung auf zugelassene Benutzer oder E-Mail-Domains mit Cloudflare Access\n- Ein Connector kann mehrere interne Webdienste über verschiedene Subdomains anbinden\n\n::warning\nSobald Sie dem Tunnel nur einen Public Hostname hinzufügen, ist diese Adresse aus dem Internet erreichbar. Wenn nur Mitglieder der Organisation zugreifen sollen, richten Sie zusätzlich eine Cloudflare-Access-Anwendung mit einer Zulassungsrichtlinie ein.\n::\n\n## Ablauf der Cloudflare-Tunnel-Einrichtung\n\n1. Verbinden Sie die gewünschte Domain mit Cloudflare.\n2. Erstellen Sie im Cloudflare-Dashboard einen Tunnel.\n3. Installieren Sie `cloudflared` auf dem SpaceBuilder-Server.\n4. Starten Sie den Connector mit dem im Dashboard angezeigten Befehl.\n5. Verknüpfen Sie in der Published application die Domain mit der SetFN-Adresse.\n6. Fügen Sie bei Bedarf eine Cloudflare-Access-Richtlinie hinzu.\n7. Prüfen Sie den Zugriff aus einem externen Netzwerk.\n\nVerwenden Sie für die Service URL der Published application die folgenden Werte.\n\n| Feld | Beispiel |\n| ---- | ---- |\n| Public hostname | `space.example.com` |\n| Service type | `HTTP` |\n| Service URL | `http://localhost:8510` |\n\nWenn Sie den SetFN-Port geändert haben, geben Sie statt `8510` den tatsächlichen Dienstport ein.\n\n## Offizielle Cloudflare-Anleitungen\n\nDie Cloudflare-Oberfläche und die Installationsbefehle können sich ändern. Ziehen Sie bei der Einrichtung daher auch die folgende offizielle Dokumentation hinzu.\n\n- [Überblick über Cloudflare Tunnel](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/)\n- [Tunnel im Dashboard erstellen](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/get-started/create-remote-tunnel/)\n- [`cloudflared` je nach Betriebssystem installieren](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/downloads/)\n- [Lokalen Dienst mit einer öffentlichen Domain verbinden](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/networks/connectors/cloudflare-tunnel/routing-to-tunnel/)\n- [Benutzerauthentifizierung mit Cloudflare Access hinzufügen](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/access-controls/applications/http-apps/self-hosted-public-app/)\n\n## Eigenen Reverse-Proxy betreiben\n\nWenn Sie bereits eine öffentliche IP und eine Serverinfrastruktur betreiben, können Sie die Verbindung direkt mit Caddy oder NGINX herstellen.\n\n### Caddy\n\nCaddy kann die Ausstellung und Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten automatisch übernehmen, sobald der DNS-Eintrag der Domain auf den Server zeigt und die Ports 80 und 443 den Server erreichen. Das macht es für kleine, selbst betriebene Umgebungen geeignet.\n\n```caddyfile\nspace.example.com {\n    reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:8510\n}\n```\n\nDetails zur Konfiguration finden Sie im [Caddy-Schnellstart für Reverse-Proxys](https://caddyserver.com/docs/quick-starts/reverse-proxy).\n\n### NGINX\n\nWenn Sie bereits NGINX verwenden, können Sie HTTPS-Anfragen an den lokalen Port von SetFN weiterleiten.\n\n```nginx\nserver {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name space.example.com;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;\n        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8510;\n    }\n}\n```\n\nDas obige Beispiel zeigt nur die Grundstruktur des Proxys. Im Produktivbetrieb sollten Sie zusätzlich Zertifikate, WebSocket, Upload-Größe, Zeitlimits und Zugriffsprotokollierung berücksichtigen. Weitere Informationen finden Sie im [offiziellen NGINX-Leitfaden für Reverse-Proxys](https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/web-server/reverse-proxy).\n\n## Portweiterleitung am Router\n\nBei dieser Methode leitet der Router die externen Ports 80 und 443 an den Reverse-Proxy-Server weiter. Anstatt den Port `8510` von SetFN direkt im Internet freizugeben, konfigurieren Sie Caddy oder NGINX so, dass HTTPS-Anfragen auf Port 443 entgegengenommen und intern an `8510` weitergeleitet werden.\n\nDie folgenden Voraussetzungen müssen erfüllt sein.\n\n- Der Internetanschluss verfügt über eine von außen erreichbare öffentliche IP\n- Sie haben Administratorrechte für den Router\n- Feste IP oder DHCP-Reservierung, damit sich die interne IP des Servers nicht ändert\n- Der DNS-Eintrag zeigt auf die öffentliche IP\n- In der Server-Firewall sind nur die benötigten Ports freigegeben\n- Ausstellung und automatische Erneuerung von HTTPS-Zertifikaten sind eingerichtet\n\n::danger\nGeben Sie weder den gesamten Server über die DMZ-Funktion des Routers frei noch den Port `8510` von SetFN direkt im Internet. Die Verwaltungsoberfläche und der Dienst könnten sonst zum direkten Angriffsziel werden. Leiten Sie nur die benötigten Ports 80 und 443 an den Reverse-Proxy weiter und halten Sie Betriebssystem und Proxy stets aktuell.\n::\n\nBei Anschlüssen, bei denen der Internetanbieter CGNAT einsetzt, kann die am Router angezeigte WAN-IP von der tatsächlichen öffentlichen IP abweichen, sodass die Portweiterleitung nicht funktioniert. Verwenden Sie in diesem Fall Cloudflare Tunnel oder eine VPN-Lösung.\n\n## Domain vorbereiten\n\nWenn Sie eine Firmendomain haben, empfiehlt sich eine Subdomain wie `space.example.com`. Haben Sie keine Domain, können Sie eine bei einem Domain-Registrar erwerben.\n\nFür Cloudflare Tunnel muss die Domain als aktive Zone mit Ihrem Cloudflare-Konto verbunden sein. Wenn Sie einen eigenen Reverse-Proxy verwenden, richten Sie den DNS-Eintrag vom Typ `A` oder `AAAA` auf die öffentliche IP des Servers.\n\n## Zugriff prüfen\n\nPrüfen Sie nach der Einrichtung in der folgenden Reihenfolge.\n\n1. Zugriff auf `http://localhost:8510` vom Server aus\n2. Zugriff auf `http://\u003CServer-IP>:8510` aus demselben Netzwerk\n3. HTTPS-Zugriff über die Domain\n4. Zugriff über mobile Daten bei ausgeschaltetem WLAN\n5. Prüfung von Anmeldung, Datei-Upload sowie Echtzeitbenachrichtigungen oder Chat\n\nSchlägt bereits der interne Zugriff fehl, prüfen Sie zuerst den Status des SetFN-Dienstes. Funktioniert der interne Zugriff, aber nur der Zugriff über die Domain nicht, prüfen Sie in dieser Reihenfolge: Tunnel, DNS, Reverse-Proxy, Firewall.\n\n## Checkliste für den Betrieb\n\n- Lange und eindeutige Passwörter für Administratoren und Benutzer verwenden\n- Nicht benötigte Konten und Freigabelinks deaktivieren\n- Tunnel-Connector oder Reverse-Proxy als Systemdienst registrieren\n- Connector, Betriebssystem und Proxy regelmäßig aktualisieren\n- Ablauf der HTTPS-Zertifikate und DNS-Status prüfen\n- Protokolle für externe Zugriffe und Administratoraktivitäten prüfen\n- Betriebsablauf vorbereiten, damit bei einer Störung über die interne Adresse zugegriffen werden kann\n\n## Verwandte Dokumente\n\n- [Zugriffsadresse ermitteln (lokal/internes Netzwerk)](./35.access-url.md)\n- [Sicherheitseinstellungen](../10.admin/50.security/12.security-setting.md)\n- [Externen Freigabelink erstellen](../20.workspace/35.cooperation/40.share-link-creation.md)\n",1793056571905]